柴油发电机使用步骤有哪些？What are the steps to use a diesel generator?

(一)自动状态

1、保持启动电动机的蓄电池组达到启动电压。

2、保持散热器冷却水位正常，循环水阀常开。

3、曲轴箱油位保持在量油尺刻线2cm的范围内。

4、油箱油量在一半以上，燃油供油阀常开。

5、发电机控制屏的“运行--停止--自动”开关放在“自动”位置。

6、机组配电屏的模式开关在“自动”位置。

7、散热器风机开关打在“自动”位置。

8、机组收到市电失压的讯号后启动，确认市电失压，切开转换柜市电开关，合上转换柜发电开关，启动机房的进风和排风机。

(二) 手动启动

1、室内气温低于20时，开启电加热器，对机器进行顶热。

2、检查机体及周围有无妨碍运转的杂物，如有应及时清走。

3、检查曲轴箱油位、燃油箱油位、散热器水位。如油位水位低于规定值，应补充至正常位置。

4、检查燃油供油阀和冷却水截止阀是否处于开通位置。

5、检查起动电动的蓄电池组电压是否正常。

6、检验配电屏的试验按钮，观察各报警指示灯有否接通发亮。

7、检查配电屏各开关是否置于分间位置，各仪表指示是否处于零位。

8、启动进风和排风机。

9、按动发动机的起动按钮，使其启动运转。如第一次起动失败，可按下配电屏上相应的复位按钮，待其警报消除、柴油发电机组回复正常状态方可进行第二次启动。启动后，机器运转声音正常，冷却水泵运转指示灯亮及路仪表指示正常，启动成功。

(三)手动操作并联供电

1、待并车发电机的油温、水温、油压达到正常值，运转正常。

2、等并车发电机的输出电乐和频率的数值与母排上的数值相一致。

3、把待并车发电机的同步器手柄打在“合间”位置。

4、观察同步指示器的指示灯及指针。

5、观察同步指示器的指示灯，完全熄灭时或指针旋转到零位，即可打上并电合闸开关。

6、发电机组进入并车运行，随后把其同步器手柄旋回“关断”位置。

7、如果同步器合闸后，同步器指针旋转太快或反时针旋转，则不允许并车，否则，将导致合闸失效。

8手动并车成功后，应立即与低压配电房联系，落实总配电屏馈出开关可否合闸送电后再行操作。

(四)运行安全管理

1、按照规定时间检查各指示仪表，注意润滑油的压力，水流是否有恋化。润滑油的压力不得低于150kPa，冷却水温度不得高于95。

2、检查曲轴箱油位、燃油箱油位、散热器水位，低于正常位置应予以补充。

3、勤观察配电屏各仪表及报警指示灯是否正常。凡红灯亮表示有故障，绿灯为正常运行指示灯。

4、查充电器是否正常充电。

5、倾听机器的各部分运转声响是否正常。

6、手模机体外壳、轴承部位外壳、油管、水管，感觉温度是否正常。

7、留意发机或电器设备是否有焦糊等异味。

8、发现有不良情况，应即时处理解决:严重的应停机处理。

9、凡故障停机，须把故障消除，然后按动机组上的重复手掣，机组方可再进行运作。

10、对各运行参数，每班记录不少于两次

(五)停车

1、总控屏的输出馈电开关分闸，脱开电网。

2、柴油发电机空载运转10分钟后停车。

3、停止机房的风机、冷却水等。

（1） Automatic state

1. Keep the battery pack of the starter motor at the starting voltage.

2. Keep the cooling water level of the radiator normal and keep the circulating water valve open.

3. The oil level in the crankcase should be kept within 2cm of the dipstick mark.

4. The fuel tank is filled with more than half of the fuel, and the fuel supply valve is normally open.

5. Place the "Run Stop Auto" switch on the generator control panel in the "Auto" position.

6. The mode switch of the unit distribution panel is in the "automatic" position.

7. Set the radiator fan switch to the "automatic" position.

8. After receiving the signal of mains voltage loss, the crew starts up, confirms the mains voltage loss, cuts open the mains switch of the conversion cabinet, closes the power generation switch of the conversion cabinet, and starts the intake and exhaust fans in the machine room.

（2） Manually start

1. When the indoor temperature drops below 20, turn on the electric heater to provide top heating for the machine.

2. Check for any debris that may hinder the operation of the machine and its surroundings, and promptly remove them if found.

3. Check the crankcase oil level, fuel tank oil level, and radiator water level. If the oil level is lower than the specified value, it should be replenished to the normal position.

4. Check if the fuel supply valve and cooling water shut-off valve are in the open position.

5. Check if the voltage of the battery pack for starting the electric vehicle is normal.

6. Check the test button of the distribution panel and observe whether each alarm indicator light is turned on and on.

7. Check if all switches on the distribution panel are in the partition position and if all instrument readings are in the zero position.

8. Start the intake and exhaust fans.

9. Press the start button of the engine to start and operate it. If the first start-up fails, the corresponding reset button on the distribution panel can be pressed, and the second start-up can only be carried out after the alarm is eliminated and the unit returns to normal state. After starting, the sound of the machine running is normal, the indicator light for the cooling water pump running is on, and the road instrument reading is normal, indicating a successful start.

（3） Manually operate parallel power supply

1. Wait for the oil temperature, water temperature, and oil pressure of the parallel generator to reach normal values and operate normally.

2. The output voltage and frequency values of the parallel generator should be consistent with the values on the busbar.

3. Turn the synchronizer handle of the generator to be connected to the "closed" position.

4. Observe the indicator light and pointer of the synchronization indicator.

5. Observe the indicator light of the synchronization indicator. When it is completely turned off or the pointer rotates to zero, the power on/off switch can be turned on.

6. The crew enters parallel operation and then rotates the synchronizer handle to the "off" position.

7. If the synchronizer pointer rotates too fast or counterclockwise after the synchronizer is closed, parallel operation is not allowed, otherwise it will cause the closure to fail.

After successful manual parallel operation, immediately contact the low-voltage distribution room to confirm whether the main distribution panel feed out switch can be closed and powered on before proceeding with the operation.

（4） Operation safety management

1. Check all indicator instruments according to the prescribed time, paying attention to the pressure of lubricating oil and whether the water flow is affected. The pressure of lubricating oil shall not be lower than 150kPa, and the temperature of cooling water shall not be higher than 95.

2. Check the crankcase oil level, fuel tank oil level, and radiator water level. If they are below the normal position, they should be replenished.

3. Regularly observe whether all instruments and alarm indicator lights on the distribution panel are normal. A red light indicates a malfunction, while a green light indicates normal operation.

4. Check if the charger is charging properly.

5. Listen to the sound of each part of the machine running normally.

6. Check if the temperature of the prototype body shell, bearing shell, oil pipe, and water pipe is normal.

7. Pay attention to whether the engine or electrical equipment has a burnt or other odor.

8. If any adverse situations are found, they should be dealt with and resolved immediately; if they are serious, the machine should be stopped for processing.

9. When a fault occurs and the machine stops, the fault must be eliminated, and then the repetitive lever on the unit must be pressed before the unit can resume operation.

10. Record each operating parameter no less than twice per shift

（5） Parking

1. The output feed switch of the main control screen is opened and disconnected from the power grid.

2. Stop the generator after running it without load for 10 minutes.

3. Stop the fans, cooling water, etc. in the computer room.