柴油发电机的工作原理是什么？ What is the working principle of a diesel generator?

柴油发电机的工作原理是利用电磁感应原理

柴油机曲轴旋转带动发电机转动发电，发电机有直流发电机和交流发电机。直流发电机主要由发电机壳、磁极铁芯、磁场线圈、电枢和炭刷等组成。交流发电机主要由磁性材料制造名个南北极交替排列的永磁铁(称为转子)和硅铸铁制造并绕有多组串联线圈的电枢线圈(称为定子)组成。直流发电机与交流发电机在工作原理上有所不同，但是最终达到了发电的目标。

柴油发电机组是一种小型发电设备，系指以柴油等为燃料，以柴油机为原动机带动发电机发电的动力机械。整套机组一般由柴油机、发电机、控制箱、燃油箱、起动和控制用蓄电瓶、保护装置、应急柜等部件组成。整体可以固定在基础上，定位使用，亦可装在推车上，供移动使用。柴油发电机组属非连续运行发电设备，若连续运行超过12h，其输出功率将低于额定功率约90%。若使用者需要长时间不使用，则需要配置常用型发电机组，也就是应机组应该要考虑到长时间工作机组功率下降这一点。常用功率和备用功率的关系是；比如用户需要100KW柴油发电机组，常用100KW的柴油发电机组备用功率为100KW*110%=110KW。也就是备用100KW的柴油发电机组的常用功率为90KW，尽管柴油发电机组的功率较低，但由于其体积小、灵活、轻便、配套齐全，便于操作和维护，所以广泛应用于矿山、铁路、野外工地、道路交通维护、以及工厂、企业、医院等部门，作为备用电源或临时电源。

柴油发电机组属自备电站交流供电设备的一种类型，是一种小型独立的发电设备，以内燃机作动力，驱动同步交流发电机而发电。将无刷同步交流发电机与柴油机曲轴同轴安装，就可以利用柴油机的旋转带动发电机的转子，利用'电磁感应’原理，发电机就会输出感应电动势，经闭合的负载回路就能产生电流。

柴油发电机组是由内燃机和同步发电机组合而成的，内燃机的最大功率受零部件的机械负荷和热负荷的限制，称为额定功率，交流同步发电机的额定功率是指在额定转速下，长期连续运转时，输出的额定功率，通常把柴油机输出额定功率与同步交流发电机输出的额定功率之间，称为匹配比。

The working principle of a diesel generator is based on the principle of electromagnetic induction

The crankshaft of a diesel engine rotates to drive a generator to generate electricity, which can be either a DC generator or an AC generator. A DC generator is mainly composed of a generator casing, magnetic pole iron core, magnetic field coil, armature, and carbon brush. The AC generator is mainly composed of permanent magnets (called rotors) made of magnetic materials with alternating north and south poles, and armature coils (called stators) made of silicon cast iron and wound with multiple sets of series coils. DC generators and AC generators have different working principles, but ultimately achieve the goal of power generation.

Diesel generator set is a small power generation equipment, which refers to a power machinery that uses diesel and other fuels, and uses diesel engine as the prime mover to drive the generator to generate electricity. The entire unit is generally composed of components such as a diesel engine, generator, control box, fuel tank, starting and control battery, protective device, emergency cabinet, etc. The whole can be fixed on the foundation for positioning use, or installed on a cart for mobile use. Diesel generator sets are non continuous operation power generation equipment. If they run continuously for more than 12 hours, their output power will be about 90% lower than the rated power. If the user needs to not use it for a long time, a commonly used generator set should be configured, which means that the generator set should consider the power reduction of the unit after long-term operation. The relationship between common power and backup power is:; For example, if a user needs a 100KW diesel generator set, the backup power of a commonly used 100KW diesel generator set is 110KW, which is 100KW * 110%. The commonly used power of a backup 100KW diesel generator set is 90KW. Although the power of a diesel generator set is relatively low, it is widely used as a backup or temporary power source in mines, railways, field construction sites, road traffic maintenance, factories, enterprises, hospitals and other departments due to its small size, flexibility, lightweight, complete supporting facilities, and easy operation and maintenance.

Diesel generator set is a type of AC power supply equipment for self owned power stations. It is a small independent power generation device that uses internal combustion engines as power to drive synchronous AC generators and generate electricity. By installing the brushless synchronous AC generator coaxially with the crankshaft of the diesel engine, the rotation of the diesel engine can be used to drive the rotor of the generator. Using the principle of 'electromagnetic induction', the generator will output induced electromotive force, which can generate current through a closed load circuit.

A diesel generator set is composed of an internal combustion engine and a synchronous generator. The maximum power of the internal combustion engine is limited by the mechanical and thermal loads of the components, which is called rated power. The rated power of an AC synchronous generator refers to the rated power output during long-term continuous operation at rated speed. The matching ratio between the rated power output of the diesel engine and the rated power output of the synchronous AC generator is usually called the matching ratio.