柴油发电机组使用常见问题（机房的降噪与散热） Common problems in using diesel generator sets (noise reduction and heat dissipation in the engine room)

柴油发电机组机房的降噪与散热

  我们在实际工作中，看到过很多做过降噪的机房或多或少都存在一些问题其中，比较普遍的问题是机房的降噪效果达到了，但却牺牲了通风量，导致机房散热不良尤其在炎热的夏季，几乎所有做过降噪的机房，在开机时都要打开门窗，以保证机房的通风散热。

  机房的降噪与散热是一对尖锐的矛盾，并且随季节的变更矛盾双方互有侧重：降噪若要达到理想效果，就要尽量防止噪声外泄，少开门窗降噪使用的材料都有保温隔热作用，不利于散热，机房若要散热充分，就必须有足够的通风量，否则会影响发动机的输出功率和机房温升那么如何更好的协调这一矛盾呢？

  一般在设计机房降噪时，首先要考虑机房的通风量，通风量是根据发动机燃烧所需的空气量和发电机散热所需的换气量来计算的，燃气量与换气量之和便是机房的通风量这是一个变化值，是随机房的温升而变化通常柴油发电机厂商会给出机房温升控制在510机组所需的通风量，在考虑机房降噪时，应当按照比较严格的标准来计算机房的通风量，也就是机房温升控制在5以内，发电机组所需的通风量最大根据此通风量和机房进排风消声器的最低空气流速，即可计算出进排风口的截面积，据此设计的进排风口在一般的情况下都能满足机房的散热要求诚然，这是比较高的标准，代价也较高，需要专业的降噪厂商进行设计和施工，在施工过程中还要确保施工质量及使用合格的材料，才能同时满足理想的降噪效果和充分的散热条件，有效解决这一矛盾现在很多降噪的机房都存在着这方面的问题，为了降低成本，忽视了施工质量和使用材料的要求，但为了达到降噪的标准，又不得不牺牲机房的散热条件（缩小进排风口面积）。

   另外，机房的降噪和散热与用户的要求也有关系，用户可根据环境温度的变化，对降噪与散热有不同的侧重比如在冬天时，可适当追求降噪方面的效果；在炎热的夏季，为满足机房的充分散热，在降噪方面作出些让步。

Noise reduction and heat dissipation in diesel generator room

In practical work, we have seen that many data centers that have undergone noise reduction have some problems to varying degrees. A common problem is that the noise reduction effect of the data center is achieved, but ventilation is sacrificed, resulting in poor heat dissipation in the data center, especially in hot summer. Almost all data centers that have undergone noise reduction have to open doors and windows when starting up to ensure ventilation and heat dissipation in the data center.

The noise reduction and heat dissipation in the computer room are a sharp contradiction, and the contradictions change with the seasons. Both sides have their own priorities: in order to achieve the desired effect of noise reduction, it is necessary to prevent noise leakage as much as possible, and the materials used for noise reduction with fewer doors and windows have thermal insulation effects, which are not conducive to heat dissipation. If the computer room wants sufficient heat dissipation, it must have sufficient ventilation, otherwise it will affect the output power of the engine and the temperature rise of the computer room. So how to better coordinate this contradiction?

When designing noise reduction in a computer room, the ventilation volume of the room should be considered first. The ventilation volume is calculated based on the amount of air required for engine combustion and the amount of air exchange required for generator heat dissipation. The sum of gas volume and air exchange volume is the ventilation volume of the room. This is a variable value that varies with the temperature rise of the room. Usually, diesel generator manufacturers will provide the ventilation volume required for the room temperature rise to be controlled within 510 units. When considering noise reduction in the room, strict standards should be followed to control the ventilation volume of the computer room, that is, the temperature rise of the room should be controlled within 5 units. The maximum ventilation volume required for the generator set can be calculated based on this ventilation volume and the minimum air flow velocity of the inlet and outlet mufflers in the room. The cross-sectional area of the inlet and outlet can be calculated accordingly. The air inlet and outlet can generally meet the heat dissipation requirements of the computer room, This is a relatively high standard, and the cost is also high. Professional noise reduction manufacturers are needed for design and construction. During the construction process, it is necessary to ensure the construction quality and use qualified materials to meet both the ideal noise reduction effect and sufficient heat dissipation conditions, effectively solving this contradiction. Nowadays, many noise reduction computer rooms have this problem. In order to reduce costs, the requirements for construction quality and material use are ignored, but in order to achieve the noise reduction standard, the heat dissipation conditions of the computer room have to be sacrificed (reducing the area of the air inlet and outlet).

In addition, the noise reduction and heat dissipation of the computer room are also related to the requirements of users. Users can have different focuses on noise reduction and heat dissipation according to changes in environmental temperature. For example, in winter, they can appropriately pursue the effect of noise reduction; In the hot summer, some concessions are made in noise reduction to ensure sufficient heat dissipation in the computer room.